Taiping Rebellion in Qing China

The Taiping Rebellion (1851-1864) was a millenarian uprising in southern China that began as a peasant rebellion  and turned into an extremely bloody civil war. It broke out in 1851, a Han Chinese reaction against the Qing Dynasty, which was ethnically Manchu. The rebellion was sparked by a famine in Guangxi Province, and Qing government repression of the resulting peasant protests. A would-be scholar named Hong Xiuquan, from the Hakka minority, had tried for years to pass the exacting imperial civil service examinations  but had failed each time. While suffering from a fever, Hong learned from a vision that he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ  and that he had a mission to rid China of Manchu rule and of Confucian ideas. Hong was influenced by an eccentric Baptist missionary from the United States named Issachar Jacox Roberts. Hong Xiuquans teachings and the famine sparked a January 1851 uprising in Jintian (now called Guiping), which the government quashed. In response, a rebel army of 10,000 men and women marched to Jintian and overran the garrison of Qing troops stationed there; this marks the official start of the Taiping Rebellion. Taiping Heavenly Kingdom To celebrate the victory, Hong Xiuquan announced the formation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, with himself as king. His followers tied red cloths around their heads. The men also grew out their hair, which had been kept in the queue style as per Qing regulations. Growing long hair was a capital offense under Qing law. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom had other policies that put it at odds with Beijing. It abolished private ownership of property, in an interesting foreshadowing of Maos communist ideology. Also, like the communists, the Taiping Kingdom declared men and women equal  and abolished social classes. However, based on Hongs understanding of Christianity, men and women were kept strictly segregated, and even married couples were prohibited from living together or having sex. This restriction did not apply to Hong himself, of course--as self-proclaimed king, he had a large number of concubines. The Heavenly Kingdom also outlawed foot binding, based its civil service exams on the Bible instead of Confucian texts, used a lunar calendar rather than a solar one, and outlawed vices such as opium, tobacco, alcohol, gambling, and prostitution. The Rebels The Taiping rebels early military success made them quite popular with the peasants of Guangxi, but their efforts to attract support from the middle-class landowners and from Europeans failed. The leadership of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom began to fracture, as well, and Hong Xiuquan went into seclusion. He issued proclamations, mostly of a religious nature, while the Machiavellian rebel general Yang Xiuqing took over military and political operations for the rebellion. Hong Xiuquans followers rose up against Yang in 1856, killing him, his family, and the rebel soldiers loyal to him. The Taiping Rebellion began to fail in 1861  when the rebels proved unable to take Shanghai. A coalition of Qing troops and Chinese soldiers under European officers defended the city, then set out to crush the rebellion in the southern provinces. After three years of bloody fighting, the Qing government had retaken most of the rebel areas. Hong Xiuquan died of food poisoning in June of 1864, leaving his hapless 15-year-old son on the throne. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdoms capital at Nanjing fell the following month after hard urban fighting, and the Qing troops executed the rebel leaders. At its peak, the Taiping Heavenly Army likely fielded approximately 500,000 soldiers, male and female. It initiated the idea of total war - every citizen living within the boundaries of the Heavenly Kingdom was trained to fight, thus civilians on either side could expect no mercy from the opposing army. Both opponents used scorched earth tactics, as well as mass executions. As a result, the Taiping Rebellion was likely the bloodiest war of the nineteenth century, with an estimated 20 - 30 million casualties, mostly civilians. Around 600 entire cities in Guangxi, Anhui, Nanjing, and Guangdong Provinces were wiped from the map. Despite this horrific outcome, and the founders millennial Christian inspiration, the Taiping Rebellion proved motivational for Mao Zedongs Red Army during the Chinese Civil War the following century. The Jintian Uprising that started it all has a prominent place on the Monument to the Peoples Heroes that stands today in Tiananmen Square, central Beijing.

Deconstructing The Model Minority Myth - 2046 Words

Karen Yang Writing 39C Aaron Peters 30 April 2015 Deconstructing the Model Minority Myth â€Å"Asian Americans are the highest-income, best educated and fastest-growing racial group in the United States. They are more satisfied than the general public with their lives, finances and the direction of the country, and they place more value than other Americans do on marriage, parenthood, hard work and career success, according to a comprehensive new nationwide survey by the Pew Research Center.† --- Pew Report: The Rise of Asian Americans The Pew report on Asian Americans is one physical manifestation of the Asian model minority myth- the belief that all Asians are educated, wealthy, assimilable, and submissive. The model minority myth which was actualized during the World War II has since evolved to be more than a stereotype. For many Asian Americans, it has become a tangible barrier, barring disadvantaged Asian Americans equal access to social programs and educational opportunities. The myth has grown to become so influential, so pervasive that it has manifested itself in the discourses on legal policies such as affirmative action and in the rhetoric of the pseudo statistical Pew report. Racism is far from being over; it has taken on new form-praise and laudation- to justify rejection of aid to underprivileged people. The Asian model minority myth has stripped Asian Americans of their diversity and homogenized them as a privileged, educated community. As a result, Asians h aveShow MoreRelatedPublic Policies Of A Public Policy1606 Words   |  7 Pageslearning about other cultures, recognizing and deconstructing white culture, recognizing the legitimacy of other cultures and developing a multicultural outlook. There are similarities between this model and Helms model of white identity development. Before entering the model of multicultural education, an individual may be in the contact stage as defined by Helms, where they may lack awareness of other cultures. 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Cypop 2 Free Essays

Positive relationships and communication Cyp3. 6 1. 1 Explain the importance of multi-agency working and integrated working The importance of multi-agency working and integrated working is that children in their early years may have a range of needs, so the way we work together with a wide range of different professionals can have a positive impact on children’s health, development and learning as we can make sure all information is passed on effectively. We will write a custom essay sample on Cypop 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Multi agency working is important because it brings together practitioners from different areas of work to provide an integrated way of working to support children and their families. This ensures that children and young people who need additional support have the right professionals to support and help them as soon as they need the support and help. Integrated working is important as its main purpose is to focus on encouraging and allowing professionals to work together to deliver positive outcomes for each individual child. Integrated working allows things such as early intervention which means that agencies are able to intervene early into a situation before it worsens and hinders a child’s development. CYP3. 6 1. 2 Analyse how integrated working practices and multi-agency working in partnership deliver better outcomes for children Better outcomes for children and young people There are many outcomes for children that will be positive if the professionals working with the children and their families can share and agree upon the way they might assess, plan and implement for the child. Both the children and their parents can be involved in any plans to ensure that a child can achieve their potential. If the outcomes for any child are to be positive it is important that all adults involved understand what information can be shared and the importance of confidentiality. How to cite Cypop 2, Essay examples

Bell rings Essay Example For Students

Bell rings Essay Mrs Casper is at the table drinking coffee, acting aggressively with jud and Billy, she could feel the tension in the room.  These two have al ways been like this, always arguing over some pathetic thing, I knew why Jud put Billys hawk in the bin, cos he did place on the bet at the bookies for are Jud, he would of won a tenner, but I suppose its not that bad to throw some over possessive Billy enjoyed and meant the world to him.  Billys always been an outsider should I say, he is always wanting to do his thing that no-one would want to do and what no-one cared about. Billy asked Jud where he put the hawk, jud put it in the bin and Billy just started to cry, I had ago at Jud, Jud knew that hawk meant the world to Billy.  All I have been ever wanting to after are billy was born was t settle down with a nice man, have someone to come home to you and to make tea for them, but after cheating on Billys dad everyone knew I just wanted to have a bit, so no-one was really left, everyone just wanted a quick fling and not to settle down and get married. Looks round and thinks about what to say.  Bringing up two lads wasnt easy, especially two that didnt get on and were fighting all the time, I was always working just get through life with my boys. Jud sees himself the man of the house cos there is no-one bigger than Jud in this house, when Jud grew up, I asked him to look after Billy when I went to work but he didnt care he just went out and left Billy on his own.  I didnt want to come too work today cos the house was a mess and I needed to sort the ouse out but I had to do some more time to get some money. Working behind the range in the fish and chip shop asking what people want, it does my headin.  Every man I meet they dont want the same what I do, they juts wanted what every other man does. Some of the men were pledging me happiness but none remained.  She gets a cigarette out and smokes it.  Well my Billy hes always getting in trouble, he doesnt care about school, he always getting this cane however the English teacher at Billys school always tries to encourage Billy to get on with his work. Hes a hopeless case though, having a mother like me isnt really helping him.  Jud isnt really helping me, he just bullies Billy and doesnt help me out what so ever, Billy always calls him a bastard.  Theres this one man whos really nice, middle height handsome fella, good job and no kids, completely different to me. He come round one night and wasnt a nice night for him Jud was just there staring at him but are Billy was friends with him, they were chatting for a good ol time, this is only the second time Ive seen Billy speak to someone and not be shy about it. I wanted to marry I have known him for at least 4-5 months now, and I just said to him so Reg how about we tie the knot, I sat there all red and my heart was beating twice as fast. fancy going to the club tonight lovely? he just completely changed the conversation, I knew he didnt want too marry me, all he wanted was too have a bit of sex.  Goes to the sink and looks outside the window and stares at the sky. Im wondering where are Billy is at the moment. I know for a fact he wont be at school, he never goes in, when he does, he doesnt do anything, in his report it said he always gets in to trouble bit same like are Jud except he was a bully.  Are Billy can hardly read, always takes his time to read a page in a book, he hasnt even picked out what to do in the future. Bell rings Bleeming hell its the end of work, so Ill see you later Jude.